Act of drawing or being drawn is known as traction. Electricity is typically generated in large and relatively efficient generating stations. To achieve better operating conditions, ac railways were often supplied with current at a lower frequency than the commercial supply used for general lighting and power. There are three types of arrangements which can be made to supply the power to these motors as shown in figures accordingly the motors can be grouped in three ways i. One of the major developments on electric traction systems for industrial frequency singlephase ac electrified railway is to replace the electrical. Laws of illumination, lighting calculation, factory lighting, flood lighting, street. Electric traction allows the use of regenerative braking, in which the motors are used as brakes and become generators that transform the motion of the train into electrical power that is then fed back into the lines. This paper based on electric spring theory aims to stabilize the voltage of the critical load in traction train auxiliary power supply system. Feederless power distribution systems have been developed and implemented effectively in both portland and seattle using novel solutions. In contrast to public energy distribution systems there are moving energy consumers with a timedependent power demand picking up and recovering.
Introduction, requirements of an ideal traction, systems of traction, speed time curve, tractive effort, coefficient of adhesion, selection of traction motors, method of speed control, energy saving by series parallel control, ac traction equipment. Feederless traction power design considerations for new. Jun 27, 20 electric traction the system which use electrical power for traction system i. Sep 04, 2019 a c electrification traction supply system forms part of railway infrastructure owned and operated by network rail system consists of feeder stations, track sectioning cabinslocations, 25 kv overhead line contact system and associated scada systems. By electric traction is meant locomotion in which the driving or tractive force is obtained from electric motors it is used in electric trains,tramcars,trolly buses and dieselelectric vehicles etc. Application of electric spring in traction train auxiliary. Federal transit administration december 9, 2016 8 new insulators that can be removed for cleaning and then reinstalled. Volumei deals with organisational setup and read more. Chapter 7 power supply arrangement 215 detailed project report for pune metro march 2009 keeping in view of the train operation plan and demand of auxiliary and traction power, power requirements projected for the year 2011, 2021and 2031 are summarized in table 7. Power electronics technologies for railway traction systems 309 a maximum of 3. Traction power electrification system investigation report washington metropolitan area transit authority. In ohe, or overhead electrification systems, the supply of electricity is through an overhead system of suspended cables known as. Power may be provided in form of 12 v dc supply or high volt ac.
Arrangements or mounting of electric gearing in vehicles b60k 1712, b60k 1714. Traction substations are used to convert electrical power as supplied by the power utility or rail operators own network to a form suitable for providing power to a rail system via third rail or overhead line. Review of characteristics of different types of dc and ac motors used traction and their suitability moduleiv 10 hours rating and heating of electric drives, power loss, heating and cooling of motors, classes and duty and selection of motors, drives for. If electric supply is used for driving a locomotive, the system is known as electric traction. Traction power supply abb traction rectifiers diode. Electric railways use either electric locomotives hauling passengers or freight in separate cars or electric multiple units passenger cars with their own motors. It is not possible to avail only single phase therefore, each of the three phase system is dropped at subsequent substation and segregated at 25 kv side ohe by a neutral section. Railway electrification advantages vs disadvantages, power supply. Railway traction system research india publications.
The primary function of the electric power distribution system in a building or facility is to receive power at one or more supply points and to deliver it to lighting, elevators, chillers, motors and all other electrical. For ac systems, the traction substation core equipment will be transformers which connect to the three phase power utility supply to convert this to a single phase voltage suitable for the rail electrification system being used. State electricity boards through traction substations. Mimic bus symbols accurately reflect the distribution system arrangement that they are producing. On locomotives equipped with regenerative brakes, descending gradients require very little use of air brakes. The track electrification refers to the type of source supply system that is used while powering the electric locomotive systems. Electric traction means using the electric power for traction system i. This arrangement results in a system with lower voltage drop along the alignment than is possible. Now a day, magnetic traction is also used for bullet trains. Dee actm ac traction manual issued by ir on the field of electric traction is further detailed into read more. Utilization of electrical energy by sahdev, uneek publication, jalandhar 4.
Static converters offer many advantages in traction power supply compared with conventional technology for the 50 hz supply of electricity for railways. The converter circuit of the converterinverter system has a dual configuration for. Electric traction the system which use electrical power for traction system i. Calculate ithe time taken and energy dissipated in the motor during starting. Special transformers arrangement for ac railway systems, in 2012 electrical. Voltage fluctuation of auxiliary power supply system is a nonnegligible factor threatening the safe operation of traction trains. Power supply 25 kv, ac, 50 hz single phase power supply for electric traction is derived from the grid of state electricity boards through traction substations located along the route of the electrified sections at distance of 35 to 50 km apart. As, it is well known that energy cannot be created nor be destroyed but can only be converted from one form of energy to another form of energy. A traction rectifier is the essence of two components of the modern technology. Internal power supply distribution system iii energy efficient systems 4. For this purpose duplicate feeders comprising of only 2 phases are run from the nearest grid substation of the supply authority to the traction substation. Sep 22, 2017 mimic bus symbols accurately reflect the distribution system arrangement that they are producing.
The progress of electrical railway power supply systems erpsss have been. Influences of eddy currents on underground metallic pipes and cables. Unless the traffic to be handled is heavy, electric traction becomes uneconomical. Electric traction mcqs answers pdf electrical engineering. New generation traction power supply system and its key. Ppt electric traction system powerpoint presentation.
Substation arrangements in upgrading london underground 48. Electricity enables faster acceleration and higher tractive effort on steep gradients. Electrical energy is a form of energy where we transfer. Science in electrical engineering for railway systems. Explain special requirements of train lighting and various systems of train lighting. For this purpose duplicate feeders comprising of only 2 phases are run from the nearest grid substation of the supply authority to the traction. The rcc includes the main control room, equipment room, uninterrupted power supply ups room, remote control laboratory and battery room and is the nerve centre of the traction power control. Design and simulation of traction power supply system aauetd. Supply of electric energy to power outlets or sockets in or at the vehicle. A 2200v,50 hz, three phase,6 pole,yb connected squirrel cage induction motor has following parameters. Propulsion of electricallypropelled vehicles arrangements. Electric traction alternating current electric power. Once the pdf is known, train positions and power flows can be realized.
Cpc definition b60l propulsion of electricallypropelled. Power generation and transmission is at three phase whereas electric traction requires power supply at single phase. In practice, a threephase power supply is the most often used electricity source. Traction power supplies are obtained generally from 2 kv national grid system.
Nov 30, 2015 this traction power can be diesel, steam or electric power. The electrical load flow within railway power supply networks and the train energy consumption depend both on the running trains and the power supply system characteristics. Urban centres have been the dynamos of growth in india. Electric traction motive power and energy supply request pdf. Traction systems for locomotives and high speed applications. Us4689735a power supply for singlephase traction system. The single phase 50 hz power for the electric traction is obtained from 220211066 kv extra high voltage 3phase grid system through step down single phase transformers. Explain supervisory control used in electric traction. In the united states, newer electrified portions of the northeast corridor i. The most vital factor against electric traction is the initial high cost of laying out overhead electric supply system. Static converters the future of traction power supply. Ppt electric traction system powerpoint presentation free. Providing power to charging ports for auxiliary vehicles is also covered. Power supply 25 kv, ac, 50 hz single phase power supply for electric traction is derived from the grid of state electricity boards through traction substations located along the route of the electrified sections at.
The main advantage of electric traction is a higher power toweight ratio than forms of traction such as diesel or steam that generate power on board. Therefore, to be able to power trains using direct current, it is necessary to use an electronic power converter rectifier. Kosarev2 summary th e article is devoted to the development of a new method of calculating the instantaneous traction power supply circuits of the system. Power supply of vehicles whilst in motion using intermitting contact points along the line. The traction system can be classified as nonelectric and electric traction systems. These static converters prevent harmful effects on the threephase 3ac supply network and make it possible for electrodynamic regenerative brakes to be used without interruption. Power failure for few minutes can cause traffic dislocation for hours. Ac traction manual issued by ir on the field of electric traction is further detailed into various volumes and parts for covering the details of installations and functionaries. Trd manuals what really turned me over was the ability to understand how everything works without any prior knowledge. The system which uses electrical power for traction system i. A key advantage of the system is that there are no restrictions on where it has to be deployed so it can be installed virtually anywhere. In countries where 60 hz is the normal grid power frequency, 25 kv at 60 hz is used for the railway electrification. Calculation of the traction power supply systems using the functions of resistance d.
Using electric system in the rail systems and rail vehicles is inevitable. References limiting references this place does not cover. Factors affecting electro deposition process, power supply for electrolytic process. That fact makes a branch of electrical engineering specifically involved in power systems for rail transport applications. Accordingly, the simulation result of the traction power supply system for the three cascaded. An electric power system or electric grid is known as a large network of power generating plants which connected to the consumer loads. Balancing of the load in each phase of the high voltage system and reduction of reactive currents in that high voltage system is achieved by simulating any further singlephase load or loads necessary to make the number up to three and providing individual. Modern electric traction get best books pdf, study.
Electric propulsion of vehicles using power supplied by vehicle batteries in combination with an external power supply. In deep and trustful partnerships with vehicle builders, refurbishers, and rail operators, we supply stateoftheart traction systems. Energy storage for traction power supply systems 30 circuit configuration fig. Abb is the expert for traction converters, motors, transformers, and complete traction chain solutions. Electric traction will continue to play a dominant role in the railway since it is an. Power electronics technologies for railway traction systems. Volume ii part i deals with functionaries of power supply installations. The main advantage of electric traction is a higher powertoweight ratio than forms of traction such as diesel or steam that generate power on board. In countries where 60 hz is the normal grid power frequency, 25 kv at 60 hz is used for the railway electrification in argentina on roca line using 1,676 mm or 5 ft 6 in gauge in canada on the deuxmontagnes line of the montreal metropolitan transportation agency in japan, tokaido, sanyo and kyushu shinkansen lines using 1,435 mm or 4 ft 8 1. Calculation of the traction power supply systems using the.
Power supply installation in electric traction irieen. Or electric traction means a locomotion in which the driving force is obtained from electric motors. Railway electrification advantages vs disadvantages, power. Power for lighting in passanger coach, in a long distance electric train, is provided a directly through overhead electric line.
A traction rectifier is the essence of two components of the modern. Review of characteristics of different types of dc and ac motors used traction and their suitability moduleiv 10 hours rating and heating of electric drives, power loss, heating and cooling of motors, classes and duty and selection of motors, drives for specific application like steel, paper, textile mills. A traction power supply system in which one, two or three singlephase traction loads are supplied from a 3phase high voltage system. For 25 kv single phase system power supply frequency is a 60 hz b 50 hz c 25 hz d 16 hz ans. May 22, 2018 the system which uses electrical power for traction system i. Volumei deals with organisational setup and general description of fixed installation. Traction power electrification system investigation wmata. Actm ac traction manual issued by ir on the field of electric traction is further detailed into various volumes and parts for covering the details of installations and functionaries. Again circuit breakers and switching devices will be provided to ensure adequate system protection and operation and. A railway electrification system supplies electric power to railway trains and trams without an onboard prime mover or local fuel supply.
Electric and magnetic fields under contact lines and in proximity of the traction power installations. Electric traction 114 to 158 introduction requirements of an ideal traction systems of. Utilization of electrical energy by os taylor, pitman publications 7. Traction systems all traction systems may be classified into two categories. A c electrification traction supply system forms part of railway infrastructure owned and operated by network rail system consists of feeder stations, track sectioning cabinslocations, 25 kv overhead line contact system and associated scada systems. Auxiliary power supply system is an important component of traction trains. Following on from my post on railway electrification voltages, i thought an introduction to traction substations would be a good idea. Sockets for charging electrical vehicles b60l 5316.
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